What is the process called when a solid or liquid changes its state and turns into a gas?

The process where a solid or liquid changes its state and becomes a gas is known as volatilization. This phenomenon occurs when the molecules of the solid or liquid gain enough energy to overcome the forces that hold them in a condensed state, allowing them to enter the gaseous phase. In the context of herbicides and agricultural practices, understanding volatilization is crucial because it can impact the efficacy of herbicides and the potential for off-target movement.

Leaching refers to the process where soluble substances are washed out from the soil, typically involving water movement. Runoff is the flow of water, often from precipitation, that moves over the soil surface into nearby bodies of water or drainage. Microbial degradation involves the breakdown of substances by microorganisms, which is a different process that does not relate to the phase change from solid or liquid to gas. Thus, the correct understanding of volatilization helps in making informed decisions regarding the application and management of herbicides in agricultural settings.