What does temperature inversion refer to in environmental science?

Temperature inversion refers to a situation in the atmosphere where the typical temperature gradient is reversed. In normal circumstances, air temperature decreases with altitude, meaning the ground-level air is usually warmer than the air higher up. During a temperature inversion, however, warmer air sits above cooler air at ground level. This phenomenon can have various implications for weather and air quality.

When cooler air is trapped near the surface by the warmer air above it, pollutants can accumulate in the lower layer, leading to poor air quality and potential health hazards. Inversions often occur during calm, clear nights when the ground loses heat and cools rapidly, leading to a situation where the lower air layer is cooler than the air above it. This concept is important in understanding how atmospheric conditions can influence agricultural practices, particularly in relation to herbicide application and environmental impact.